3. Four drops were placed on bill of pigeon; bill was corroded where brom. was placed; violent excitement followed by apathetic state; death in 2 d., owing to corrosion and irritation of air-passages produced by inhalation of fumes. (Ibid.)
4. Four drops were introduced into external jugular of strong male rabbit. Immediately it shrieked; respiration became laborious; pupils were dilated; heart’s action quick and violent, but ceased after a few irregular beats; two or three convulsive struggles; animal died in 70 seconds from performance of operation. On opening chest immediately, irritability of heart was found to be destroyed. Substance of heart corroded near apex; several marks of corrosion in lung. Blood in right ventricle and pulmonary artery was coagulated and corroded. Contractility of voluntary muscles remained. (Ibid.)
5. Middle-sized bull-and-terrier bitch, strong and active, had I oz. solution (containing 2-1/2 minims of B.) injected in jugular; panting and tumultuous action of heart, spasm of opisthotonos followed by terrific yell and escape of urine and faeces. When spasm had subsided, having lasted I m., it gave several heavy inspirations, and heart’s action was felt very feeble and irregular; pupil was observed greatly dilated. General tremors of muscles occurred before death, which was preceded by deep inspiration, and took place within three m. from injection. Voluntary muscles contracted strongly when cut. Heart was gorged with black coagulated blood in right cavity and with red blood in its 1., and was irritable 5 m. after death. Lungs collapsed on opening chest, and appeared healthy. (Ibid.)
6. Fox-hound had injection into jugular of 1/2 oz. saturated solution of B. Seized with fit of panting of 2 m. After this respiration and circulation both quickened. In 17 m. coryza and sneezing, then rigors came on. During 1st hours passed faeces repeatedly. For some hours continued feeble, as if suffering from pulmonary affection, but eventually recovered. On second occasion had 30 drops of B, introduced into jugular of side not operated on before, and, as fluid did not descend, but coagulated blood in vein and destroyed surrounding parts, 1 oz. of saturated solution was thrown in afterwards. Animal gave loud yell; heart’s action became violent and irregular, and respiration of same panting character as before. Then violent movements, followed by prostration and manifestations of suffering. Seventeen minutes after operation he made efforts to vomit, and began to void blood by mouth. Pupil greatly dilated. Appeared to possess perfect consciousness. Died in 1-1/4 h. after operation, having repeatedly passed blood by mouth, and voided urine and faeces; death preceded by great feebleness of heart’s action and muscular debility. After death, lungs presented splendid appearance of congestion, and several apoplectic-like spots; slight pressure caused blood to flow from almost every part of pulmonary tissue. Bronchi contained frothy blood, and in several places were occupied by strings of coagulated blood. On cutting near border of r. lung, there appeared a vessel filled with yellowed and corroded blood; and around, pulmonary tissue contained much blood. Stomach contained 1/2 pint grumous blood; mucous coat much injected and presented several large ecchymoses, one of which, near the cardia, appeared to have been chief source of blood. Rectum showed marks of vascularity. (Ibid.)
7. Sixty minims of B, were poured down flexible tube into stomach of strong female cat. No effect for 2 m; then respiration and circulation greatly quickened; inspiration somewhat prolonged, but expiration made with rapidity, and accompanied by a wheeze. Saliva began to drop from mouth, eyes to water, and in 4 m. clear fluid ran in constant stream from mouth and nose. About 5th m., animal began to struggle violently, and made repeated efforts to vomit, but unsuccessfully. Heart’s action became very irregular, and after terrible convulsions death took place 17 m. after injection. Mucous membrane of stomach could be separated in rose-coloured flakes. Lining membrane of gullet was as if filled with a minute red injection. Appearances of corrosion extended to air-passages and lungs. Peristaltic action of intestines was stopped, and small intestines had completely lost their tonicity. (Ibid.)
8. Injection into stomach of terrier of 3ij pure B. No emotion for 7 m. Then drew his belly along ground, vomited matter evolving fumes of B, For 1 h. symptoms were of this character; occasionally faeces were passed, and there were frequent tremors, cries, and other expressions of pain. Respirations heavy and heart’s action feeble. Death 5 1/2 h. after operation. Inspection some h. after. Lungs and several large spots towards their roots, and were infiltrated with bloody serum. Blood was dark coloured and coagulated on both sides of heart. Peritoneum contained dark- coloured semi-fluid matter, feebly acid, and had marks of inflammation. Greater part of stomach had been dissolved, leaving only some blackened shreds attached to duodenum, and another portion at cardia, which might amount to a third of organ. This part was marked with long black striae, and presented a space near entrance of oesophagus where mucous membrane was deeply injected. Mucous membrane of this remaining part was gelatinised; remaining peritoneal coat was tinged blue, somewhat more of it was left than of the other coats. Great part of lining membrane of gullet was reddened and thickened. Duodenum and small intestines quite different in appearance to stomach. Duodenum yellowed internally by poison, and retained strong odour of B., which was not the case with stomach. Mucus membrane of duodenum, though thickened, felt harder than natural, and rather brittle, but was covered with large quantity of matter which appeared to be secretion of bowel acted on by poison. On cutting jejunum of ileum across, walls of tube did not collapse. Mucous membrane of these intestines was much thickened, and in superior portion had a white and granulated aspect. At inferior part of small intestine, mucous membrane was thickened and softened, and began to exhibit traces of vascularity, which were very distinct in sigmoid flexure and rectum, where there was little or no corrosion. Colon was empty. Lower part of liver was corroded and of bluish colour. Membranes of brain were vascular. Careful analysis of heart and contents showed B. to have been absorbed into blood. (Ibid.)
9. Ten minims pure B. into stomach of male rabbit. No effects followed. Three d. after, was poisoned by prussic acid, when mucous membrane of cardiac portion of stomach was found reddened, somewhat thickened and softened, and dotted with numerous minute white spots of corrosion. (Ibid.)
10. Another rabbit had 10 minims. Three h. after operation respiration was wheezing, and saliva flowed from mouth. Got well, was killed after a week by prussic acid. Ulcer size of shilling, of triangular shape, found near cardia. (Ibid.)
11. Two oz. saturated sol. into stomach of rabbit. Death in 5 m. Had tetanic convulsions, peculiar rapid movement of fore- legs; after this pulse slow and feeble, respiration slow and forcible, pupils at first contracted, afterwards dilated, salivation just before death. After death: bloody froth in mouth and air- passages; several apoplectic spots towards roots of lungs; heart not irritable 3 m. after death; blood dark and fluid in both cavities. Mucous membrane of stomach was of a white and corroded aspect over greater part of organ, deeply injected at depending part. Same appearances extended to duodenum. Epithelium of stomach came off in washing the organs. (Ibid.)
12. One oz. of solution to rabbit. Death in 15 m. Loss of power over voluntary muscles; breathing embarrassed, frothing at mouth, violent convulsions. L. side of heart contained dark clotted blood. In both these cases the voluntary muscles contracted, and peristaltic action continued. No evidence of absorption of B. was obtained from analysis of organs. (Ibid.)
13. One oz. solution into stomach of rabbit. 5 m. later another oz. I h. after, had coryza and salivation, at 6 p.m. Next m. at 9, was found on his side, eyelids closed, respiration slow and forcible with slight wheeze; pulse scarcely perceptible; fore-legs regularly moved towards head, and then brought back; some flow of saliva; animal heat low; death at 5. No corrosion in stomach, which was contracted on a little semi-digested food. Cardiac portion of deep purple hue, separated by distinct line of separation from pyloric portion, which was pale and oedematous. Epithelium was removed, and mucous membrane over cardiac portion was occupied in several places by irregular patches of ulceration. The same disorganization was seen in upper part of small intestines. Blood was coagulated in abdominal veins and ascending cava; heart pale and empty. Blood gave evidence of presence of poison. (Ibid.)
14. Terrier, five months old, had 3 oz. solution of brom., thrown into stomach, penis secured by ligature. 3 m. after he vomited much frothy mucus and a little semi -digested food, exhaling vapours of B. Repeated vomiting of bloody mucus and purging succeeded for 1 h., with great uneasiness. After this he lay in state of great feebleness, but did not appear to have pain. 1/2 h. after operation, ligature was removed. Forthwith urine was passed containing B. Urine passed 4 h. after operation contained none. Next d. seemed well. Same dose given; similar effects; less vomiting. D. after, same dose; could not retain his food. Two d. after 3rd dose, completely prostrated; respirations abdominal; heart slow and feeble; pupils dilated; salivation; body cold; death preceded by stupor and stupor and frothing at mouth. Stomach showed several mottled erythematous patches. Distinct line of separation between cardiac and pyloric portions; former presented appearance of softening, and was yellowish except in site of patches described. It had lost its epithelium in several parts. Pyloric portion was red, contracted, and rugose; lungs, slightly affected with tubercle, were infiltrated with bloody serum and partly with purulent secretion. Black coagulated blood in both sides of heart; no brom. on analysis of blood and organs. (Ibid.)
Hughes was a great writer and a scholar. He actively cooperated with Dr. T.F. Allen to compile his 'Encyclopedia' and rendered immeasurable aid to Dr. Dudgeon in translating Hahnemann's 'Materia Medica Pura' into English. In 1889 he was appointed an Editor of the 'British Homoeopathic Journal' and continued in that capacity until his demise. In 1876, Dr. Hughes was appointed as the Permanent Secretary of the Organization of the International Congress of Homoeopathy Physicians in Philadelphia. He also presided over the International Congress in London.